wtorek, 4 czerwca 2013

Lesson 40: Pronouns - zaimki

Zaimki osobowe w funkcji podmiotu
Przymitniki dzierżawcze zaimki dzierżawcze
Zaimki osobowe w funkcji dopełnienia
Zaimki zwrotne i emfatyczne
I

YOU

HE

SHE

IT

WE

YOU

THEY
MY

YOUR

HIS

HER

ITS

OUR

YOUR

THEIR
MINE

YOURS

HIS

HERS

ITS

OURS

YOURS

THEIRS
ME - mnie, mi, (ze) mną
YOU - ciebie, tobie, tobą
HIM - go, jemu, nim
HER- jej, ją, nią, niej
IT - go, jemu, nim,
US - nas, nam, nami
YOU - wam, wami, was,
THEM - ich im, nimi, nich
MYSELF

YOURSELF

HIMSELF

HERSELF

ITSELF

OURSELVES

YOURSELVES

THEMSELVES

Przymiotniki i zaimki dzierżawcze: zaimków dzierżawcze zastępują przymiotniki dzierżawcze wraz z występującymi po nich rzeczownikami, jeżeli z kontekstu jasno wynika o jaki rzeczownik chodzi.

Np. Whose pen is this? It’s mine.

wtorek, 28 maja 2013

Rites of passage

Rites of passage
Welcome to the world of work! How do students make the transition from campus to career?
HERE are aspects of student life that most graduates will happily leave behind; not many will miss writing essays at two in the morning, or cramming for exams. But for some students the only thing more daunting than doing a degree is finishing one. "Students have it easy" - it's one of those irritating things that people say. It's even more irritating when they turn out to be right.
Giving up student status means renouncing the laid-back lifestyle and three-month summer holidays. Instead, there is a soul-destroying search for work to look forward to. So are this year's graduates ready for the transition?
Matthew Bashford graduated a year ago from the University of Humberside with a degree in Business Studies. "It's awful," he says. "It makes you want to go back and be a student again. You find it difficult to get work in the first place, and when you do, it's menial stuff and the office politics are a nightmare -it's not easy to make friends:' On top of that, full-time employment has not brought the deluge of cash Matthew expected. "After the increase in rent, bills, and income tax, I was better off as a student than I am now in terms of disposable income," he says. He is still seeking a permanent position.
For others, it is not only finding the job that is a problem, but also accepting the responsibility that goes with it. Mike Hale left Hertfordshire University with a law and economics degree. Lack of money meant he was forced back home which felt "like a regression", and he found it hard to adjust to the nine-to-five routine. "The thing is," he says, "college is so free and easy that even the thought of doing 40 hours a week is a bit intimidating. But you can't fight it, you've got to earn money. You have to become part of the system.'
After working for nine months as a guitar technician, Mike had saved enough money to go travelling, an increasingly common choice for college leavers. But those who take the backpacking route have to start at the bottom of the career ladder when they return. Mike solved this problem by starting his own business.
Another common problem is that leaving university means losing the structure that a degree course provides. Pete Fulford, who left Coventry University with a BSc in industrial project design two years ago, says, "I got a bit depressed because there was a lot of camaraderie on my course, we were a very close-knit group. There was this institution that I was a part of, and then it was gone. It left a kind of void.'
A year after leaving Brightonwith a degree in design history, Kelly Moore was going through similar emotions. She said, "Going to lectures, being part of the system, it gives you a sense of security, and you lose that when you leave."
Not all students are daunted by the rite of passage from university to the jobs market. Rebecca Jones, a student of French and German from Liverpool University, is looking forward to leaving college and earning some money. She will take "any job going" to pay off her debts, although long-term career plans are vague. She mentions returning to France, where she spent part of her degree, and that she would be disappointed if she didn't use her language skills. "You don't know what it's going to be like until you get there, do you?"
Maybe not, but it is possible to plan. Those who have coped best are those who have thought about the difficulties they might face and are open to the diverse range of opportunities that.

"I knew it was going to be hard," says Kelly, "but I had a game plan. I wanted to get a job that would help me pay off my debts, and I started applying as soon as I finished my course. I was offered a job as a personnel manager on the day I graduated. It certainly wasn't my ideal position, but it was an absolutely brilliant experience. It taught me self-discipline, how to organise myself and a great deal about the workplace. My advice is, don't just hope that something will come along, start planning what you're going to do as early as possible. It makes it so much easier."

Which person
stopped work after a short time? 1 ....
has a full-time temporary job? 2 ....
had to do something unwillingly
because of a poor financial situation? 3 ....

misses friends on the course? 4 .... 5 ....
has not left university yet? 6 ....
finds an alternative to a job with a
salary? 7 ....

feels confident about finding a job? 8 ....
found it difficult to get on with
colleagues? 9 ....

is not very ambitious with regard to
future jobs? 10 ....

found a job easily? 11 ....
learnt a lot from a job? 12 ....

A Matthew Bashford
B Mike Hale
C Pete Fulford
D Kelly Moore
E Rebecca Jones






Graduate - a student who finished school.
Here are aspects of student life that most graduates will happily leave behind.

Renounce - to give up (a title, for example), especially by formal announcement.
Giving up student status means renouncing the laid-back lifestyle and three-month summer holidays.

Menial - relating to work or a job regarded as service, relating to work or a job regarded as service;
You find it difficult to get work in the first place, and when you do, it's menial stuff and the office politics are a nightmare -it's not easy to make friends:'

Disposable income -  Remaining to a person after taxes have been deducted.
"After the increase in rent, bills, and income tax, I was better off as a student than I am now in terms of disposable income," he says.

Camaraderie - goodwill and lighthearted rapport between or among friends; comradeship
I got a bit depressed because there was a lot of camaraderie on my course, we were a very close-knit group.

Daunt - to abate the courage of; discourage.
Not all students are daunted by the rite of passage from university to the jobs market.


czwartek, 9 maja 2013

Matura rozszerzona 2013 - odpowiedzi do arkusza cke


1.1 optional
1.2. automatically
1.3.safety
1.4.suggestions
1.5. enable

2.1. made it hard for
2.2. should have not allowed
2.3.  you mind carrying
2.4. is said to be
2.5. not paying attention

4.1. T
4.2. F
4.3. F
4.4. T
4.5. F

5.1. C
5.2. D
5.3. G
5.4. E
5.5. A

6.1 D
6.2. A
6.3. C
6.4. B
6.5. C

7.1. C
7.2. A
7.3. A
7.4. D
7.5. B

8.1. E
8.2. B
8.3. F
8.4. D

9.1. C
9.2.D
9.3.A
9.4.B
9.5.C
9.6.D



Matura 2013 opdowiedzi - podstawa

Odpowiedzi to tego arkusza: http://pliki.echodnia.eu/pdf/matura2013angielskiARKUSZ.pdf
1.1 F
1.2 T
1.3. F
1.4 T
1.5 F

2.1 D
2.2 A
2.3 F 
2.4 B
2.5 E

3.1 A
3.2 A
3.3 C
3.4 B
3.5 C

4.1. C
4.2. F4.3. A4.4. D4.5. H4.6. G4.7. B

5.1. T5.2. F5.3. F5.4. T5.5. T5.6. F

6.1. D6.2. B6.3. A6.4. C6.5. A6.6. D6.7. C

środa, 8 maja 2013

Lesson 36 -ing forms and infinitives after verbs



1. Czasownik +forma a Ing/rzeczownik/ fraza rzeczownikowa z that:
He admitted lying to the police.
He admitted his crimes.
He admitted that he had lied to the police.
admit, consider, deny, imagine, report, suggest
2.   Czasownik + forma z Ing/ bezokolicznik z to/ rzeczownik
I began training as soon as I heard about the match.
I began to train as soon as I heard about the match.
I began French when I was 12.
begin, hate, love, like, prefer, continue, can’t stand, can’t bear, strat
3.   Czasownik  + bezokolicznik z to
I agreed to go with her.
expect, intend, manager, plan, promise, threaten, like, choose, fail, hope, prepare, refuse, want, wish, decide, hesitate, learn, offer, pretend, seem
4.   Czasownik + bezokolicznik bez to
Let me give you some advice.
see, feel, watch, would rather

Czasowniki, których zanczenie się zmienia w zależności od użycia -ing lub to:


środa, 1 maja 2013

Jak napisać opowiadanie: matura rozszerzona




Opowiadanie to najbardziej twórcza z rodzajów form wypowiedzi, z jakimi możesz się spotkać na maturze rozszerzonej. Oto kilka wskazówek, o których musisz pamiętać pisząc:
1.    Opowiadanie to forma zawierająca jakąś historię. Pamiętaj, że powinna zawierać tylko jeden główny wątek.
2.    Zdecyduj czy będziesz używać narracji pierwszoosobowej czy trzecioosobowej i bądź konsekwentny przez całą pracę.
3.    Pamiętaj, że w opowiadaniu powinieneś używać czasów przeszłych:
Past Continuous – aby wprowadzić tło wydarzeń (The sun was shining and the wind was blowing…)

Past Simple – aby opisać, główne wydarzenia opowiadania (Mary opened the window and saw…)

Past Perfect – aby wprowadzić tło akcji i zamierzenia, które doprowadziły do poszczególnych zdarzeń (He took part in the trip that had been planned very carefully – on wziął udział w wycieczce, która została zaplanowana bardzo starannie)
4.    Przeczytaj uważnie polecenie i upewnij się, że je dobrze rozumiesz. Twoje opowiadanie musi być „na temat”.
5.    Pamiętaj, żeby stosować ciekawe słownictwo i nie powtarzać się.

Wstęp 15%
We wstępnie przedstawiamy bohaterów oraz czas i miejsce akcji. Zarysowujemy nasze wydarzenie.
Jak ciekawie rozpocząć?
- ciekawy opis miejsca akcji np. przez opisanie zapachu, dźwięków itp.
- zadanie pytania retorycznego
- stworzenie atmosfery tajemnicy, zagadki lub napięcia
- bezpośrednie kierowanie słów do czytelnika
Rozwinięcie 30%
Pamiętaj, żeby w rozwinięciu przedstawić całą sekwencję wydarzeń, które doprowadziły do punktu kulminacyjnego.
- rozwój akcji
- punkt kulminacyjny

Zakończenie 15%
W zakończeniu przedstawiamy reakcje i odczucia bohaterów.
6.    Przydatne wyrażenia:
Once upon a time... / One day... - Pewnego razu... / Pewnego dnia...
It all started/happened... - Wszystko zaczęło się/stało się...
That Wednesday,... - Tamtej œśrody...
As soon as... - Jak tylko...
As he was leaving, I came in. - Jak/Gdy wychodził, wszedłem.
First... and then... - Najpierw... a potem...
Immediately... / Out of the blue... - Natychmiast... / Nagle... <niespodziewanie>
The moment... the window opened,... - W chwili..., w której otworzyło się okno...
Then... - Później...
On my way to... - W <mojej> drodze do...
Shortly afterwards,... - Zaraz potem...
While... <past continuous> - Podczas gdy...
Finally,... / In the end,... - W końcu...
Hardly... had he finished... when...
No sooner... had he finished... than...
Ledwie/Zaraz po tym jak... skończył,...
Never before... had I seen...
Nigdy wcześniej... nie widziałem...
It turned out that...
 Okazało się, że...
The worst was yet to come.
 Najgorsze miało dopiero nadejść
In a low voice, he told me...
 Cicho powiedział mi...
He gave an exclamation of... surprise/satisfaction/delight/relief.
 Wyraził... zaskoczenie, zdziwienie/satysfakcję/radość, zachwyt/ulgę.
I didnt realize then that...
 Wtedy nie zdawałem sobie sprawy, ¿e...
Up they jumped. / Up jumped my parents.
 Podskoczyli. / Moi rodzice podskoczyli.
 (Wstawiając przyimek na początku zdania wprowadzamy większą dramaturgię).

poniedziałek, 29 kwietnia 2013

Word formation - słowotwórstwo



Końcówki charakterystyczne dla angielskich przymiotników
-ible, -able, -uble, -ive, -ous (-ious, -uous, -eous), -ate, -ful, -etic, -ic, -ant, -al, -y

Końcówki charakterystyczne dla angielskich czasowników
-ate, -fy, -ise/-ize

Końcówki charakterystyczne dla angielskich rzeczowników
-ence, -ance, -ation, -tion, -ness, -th, -son, -sion, -ment, -dom, -ity, -hood, -ee, -ship, -er, -ist, -ress, -let, -our, -sis, -ure, -y, -al, -age
Końcówka charakterystyczna dla angielskich przysłówków
-ly
Przedrostki (suffixes) wprowadzające znaczenie przeciwne lub negatywne:
a-, anti-, counter-, de-, dis-, il-, ill-, im-, in-, ir-, mal-, mis-, non-, un-

Czasownik
Rzeczownik
Przymiotnik
help
help
helpful/ helpless
retire
retirement
retired

child/children
childhood
childish
poison
poison
poisonous
rely
reliability
reliable/unreliable

pride
proud
heighten
height
high
deepen
depth
deep

confidence
confident, self-confident

poverty
poor

shame
ashamed
except
exception
exceptional
know
knowledge
knowledgeable

loyalty
loyal

vision, visibility
visible

history, historian
historic, historical
satisfy
satisfaction
satisfied, dissatisfied
weaken
weakness
weak

fog
foggy

truth
truthful

music, musician, musical
musical

honesty, dishonesty
honest, dishonest
nationalize
nation, nationality
national
punish
punishment
punitive

wisdom
wise

neighbour
neighbourhood

responsibility
responsible , irresponsible
talk

talkative
socialize
society
sociable
speak
speech
speechless

majority
major

patience, impatience
patient, impatient
vary
variety
various

number
numerous
advertise
advertisement
advertised
fail
failure

bore
boredom
bored, boring
believe
belief
believable, unbelievable
strengthen
strength
strong

relation, relationship

harm
harm
harmful
value
value
valuable
price
price
priceless
predict
prediction
predictable, unpredictable
love
love
beloved
marry
marriage
married
improve
improvement

invent
invention

judge
judge, judgment
judgmental
taste
taste
tasteless
require
requirement
required
grow
growth
grown
point
point
pointless

addiction, addict
addictive
prove
proof

inform
information
informative
use
usage
useful, useless

fortune
fortunate
offend
offence
offensive, offended
criticize
criticism, critic
critical
extend
extension
extensive